Grazing Research at Northern Latitudes

Content: 
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Opening Statement....Pages 1-2
Front Matter....Pages 3-3
Arctic Ecosystems: Their Structure, Function and Herbivore Carrying Capacity....Pages 5-25
Factors Affecting Production and Stability of Northern Ecosystems....Pages 27-35
The Effect of Grazing on Stability and Development of Northern Rangelands: A Case Study of Iceland....Pages 37-43
Plant Response to Defoliation: Hierarchical Considerations....Pages 45-59
Front Matter....Pages 61-61
Grassland Surveys in North Norway....Pages 63-68
Grazing Effects on Species Balance and Herbage Production in Indigenous Plant Communities....Pages 69-77
Riparian Responses to Various Grazing Systems and to Periodic Ice Floes....Pages 79-86
Mountain Pasture Improvement by Shrub Clearing and Fertilization....Pages 87-96
Front Matter....Pages 97-97
Reindeer Grazing and Associated Land-Use Problems in Sweden....Pages 99-109
Control of Herd Movements and Distribution: The Foundation of Reindeer Husbandry....Pages 111-120
Conifer Woodland as Summer Grazing for Sheep....Pages 121-128
Effect of Some Environmental Factors and Stocking Density on the Performance of Sheep, Cattle and Horses Grazing Drained Bog Pastures....Pages 129-140
Mixed Grazing under Nordic Conditions....Pages 141-149
Front Matter....Pages 151-151
Dairy Cattle Pasture Use in the Extreme Northern USSR....Pages 153-155
Improvement of Natural Pasture Utilization by Sheep....Pages 157-165
Manipulative Grazing of Plant Communities....Pages 167-178
The Relative Efficency of Rangeland Use by Ruminants and Non-Ruminant Herbivores....Pages 179-191
Plant Defense and Herbivore Learning: Their Consequences for Livestock Grazing Systems....Pages 193-208
Front Matter....Pages 209-209
Grazing Behaviour and Herbage Intake in Cattle and Sheep Grazing Indigenous Hill Plant Communities....Pages 211-218
Front Matter....Pages 209-209
Some Effects of Sward Conditions on Grazing Behaviour and Intake by Sheep....Pages 219-226
Foraging Behaviour and Diet Selection....Pages 227-236
Latitudinal Variation in Foraging Strategies....Pages 237-246
Effects of Cold Environments on Domestic Animals....Pages 247-257
Nutrition and Energetics of Indigenous Northern Ungulates....Pages 259-269
Internal Parasites of Livestock under Nordic Conditions....Pages 271-278
The Fungal Flora of Pasture Soil — A Parameter in the Ill-Thrift Syndrome or Grazing Sheep....Pages 279-287
Front Matter....Pages 289-289
Models as a Tool in Grazing Management....Pages 291-299
Stocking Rate Theory and Grazing Research: A Modeling Approach....Pages 301-310
Grazing Intensity and Balancing Animal Numbers with Forage Resources: Sheep Responses under Subarctic Conditions....Pages 311-322
Importance and Measurement of Mixture Effects in Grazing Systems....Pages 323-333
Stocking Rates for Northern Rangelands....Pages 335-345
Front Matter....Pages 347-347
Conclusions and Recommendations....Pages 349-351
Back Matter....Pages 353-374