Biogeochemistry of Ancient and Modern Environments: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Environmental Biogeochemistry (ISEB) and, Conference on Biogeochemistry in Relation to the Mining Industry and Environmental Pollution (Leaching Conference), held in Canberra, Australia, 26 August – 4 September 1979

Front Matter....Pages i-ix
An Outside View of Environmental Biogeochemistry....Pages 1-6
Early Biogeochemical Systems....Pages 7-27
Precambrian Genetics....Pages 29-34
The Universe of Porphyrins....Pages 35-46
Antiquity of Photosynthesis: Possible Constraints from Archaean Carbon Isotope Record....Pages 47-54
Oxygen and Ozone Evolution in Palaeoatmospheres....Pages 55-64
Past Oxygen Levels: Some Evidence from Uranium Deposits....Pages 65-71
Timing and Relationships among Precambrian Crustal and Atmospheric Evolution and Banded Iron-Formations....Pages 73-82
Chemical Conditions for the Precipitation of Banded Iron-Formations....Pages 83-92
Environmental Biogeochemistry....Pages 93-103
Lake Sediments: Chemical Composition and Some Aspects of Their Formation and Diagenesis....Pages 105-115
Lake Sediments: Algal Availability of Lake Burley Griffin Sediment Phosphorus....Pages 117-122
Bacterial Populations of Two Saline Antarctic Lakes....Pages 123-129
Measurement of Bacterial Biomass in Sandy Sediments....Pages 131-138
Carbon Flow within the South West Arm of Port Hacking (N.S.W., Australia)....Pages 139-144
In Situ Experimentation with Anaerobic Sediments: Some Biogeochemical Applications....Pages 145-155
Sedimentological and Geobiological Studies of Intertidal Cyanobacterial Mats in North-Eastern Spencer Gulf, South Australia....Pages 157-166
The Microbial Geochemistry of Solar Lake, Sinai....Pages 167-172
Comparative Organic Geochemical Studies of Recent Algal Mats and Sediments of Algal Origin....Pages 173-185
Comparative Analysis of Stromatolitic and Other Microbial Kerogens by Pyrolysis-Hydrogenation-Gas Chromatography (PHGC)....Pages 187-200
Different Forms of Microbial Manganese Oxidation and Reduction and Their Environmental Significance....Pages 327-332
The Role of Surface Attachment in Manganese Oxidation by Freshwater Hyphomicrobia....Pages 333-337
Electron Transfer Coupled to Mn(II) Oxidation in Two Deep-Sea Pacific Ocean Isolates....Pages 339-344
Electron Microscopic Analysis of Metal-Depositing Microorganisms in Surface Layers of Baltic Sea Ferromanganese Concretions....Pages 345-354
Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Microbiological Aspects of Iron Deposition from Groundwater....Pages 355-364
Consequences of Anaerobiosis on Metal-Organic Interactions in Two Ponds of the Southeastern United States....Pages 365-372
Physico-Chemical Models for Heavy Metal Transport in Streams....Pages 373-381
Lipid Productivity of a High Andean Lake....Pages 201-210
The Contribution of the Chlorophyll-Carotenoid Protein Complexes of Brown Seaweeds to the Petrogenic Silt of the Oceans....Pages 211-226
Biological Methanogenesis in Sediments and Sanitary Landfills....Pages 227-233
Role of Methane-Producing and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Destruction of Organic Matter....Pages 235-242
Methane in a Saline Antarctic Lake....Pages 243-251
The Production of Methylated Sulfur Compounds by Marine Phytoplankton....Pages 253-259
Influence of Selenium Compounds on Reduction of Sulfur Compounds and Associated Sulfur Isotope Fractionation in Clostridium Pasteurianum ....Pages 261-266
Microbiological Nitrous-Oxide Production: Implications for the Global Nitrogen Cycle....Pages 267-278
Mechanisms of Nitrous Oxide Production in Soils....Pages 279-291
The Measurement of Denitrification in Soil, Using 13 NO 3 ....Pages 293-298
Nitrogen Diagenesis in Marine Sediments: Evidence for Suboxic and Anoxic Conversion of Organic-N to N 2 Gas....Pages 299-309
Regional Nitrogen Mass Balance Model for the Florida Peninsula....Pages 311-318
Processes Controlling the Nitrogen Cycle in the Atmosphere over Australia....Pages 319-325
Man’s Effect on Stratospheric Ozone....Pages 383-393
The Trace Composition of the Atmosphere and the Global Atmospheric Ozone Content....Pages 395-403
Effects on the Carbon Cycle due to Human Impact on Forest Ecosystems....Pages 405-412
Sewage Sludge Fertilization in Pine Forests: Ecological Effects on Soil and Vegetation....Pages 413-421
Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments and Mussels from Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia....Pages 423-428
Water Pollution as a Consequence of Land Disturbance in South-West of Western Australia....Pages 429-439
Interpretation of Soil Water Quality for Agricultural Production....Pages 441-444
Facultative-Thermophilic Thiobacillus -Like Bacteria in Metal Leaching....Pages 445-450
The Leaching of Sulfide Ores by a Thermophilic Bacterium....Pages 451-457
A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of the Colony Morphology of Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ....Pages 459-467
A Microcalorimetric Study of U(IV)-Oxidation by Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans and Ferric-Iron....Pages 469-475
A Microcalorimetric Study of the Metabolic Activity of Two Thiobacillus Species....Pages 477-483
Leaching of Copper-Bearing Mineral Substrates with Wild Microflora and with Laboratory-Bred Strains of Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ....Pages 485-503
Isolation of Iron- and Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria from Mine Water in Japan and Some Investigations on the Leaching of Sulfide Ores....Pages 505-513
The Microbial Role in Pyrite Oxidation at Alkaline pH in Coal Mine Spoil....Pages 515-520
The Effect of Chemical and Biological Redox Reactions on the Growth of Thiobacillus Thiooxidans ....Pages 521-528
Inhibition by Pyrite of Bacterial Iron Oxidation Activity....Pages 529-536
Sulfur and Hydrogen Ion Buffering in Pyritic Strip-Mine Spoil....Pages 537-543
Liquid Dispersion in Trickle Flow Through Ore Dumps....Pages 545-555
Comparison of Biological and Chemical Leaching Heap Leaching Using Thiobacillus Thiooxidans ....Pages 557-562
A Reactor System for Mineral Leaching Investigations....Pages 563-572
A Multi-Company Sponsored Research Program to Study the Biologically Assisted Ferric Iron Leaching of Uranium Minerals....Pages 573-576
Bacterial Leaching of a Carbonate Bearing Uranium Ore....Pages 577-582
Influence of Attrition Grinding on the Recovery of Copper from a High-Grade Chalcopyrite Concentrate by the BSE-Process....Pages 583-588
Laboratory Studies on Mineral Leaching....Pages 589-600
An Efficient Method for the Production of Leaching Medium....Pages 601-607
Bacterial Leaching of Manganese Ores....Pages 609-614
The Bacterial Leaching of Antimony- and Bismuth-Bearing Ores and the Utilization of Sewage Waters....Pages 615-621
Water Movement Caused by Monsoonal Rainfall in an Overburden Dump Undergoing Pyritic Oxidation....Pages 623-629
Temperature Distributions in an Overburden Dump Undergoing Pyritic Oxidation....Pages 630-636
Environmental Studies of Flooded Opencuts....Pages 637-649
Factors in Metal Leachate Toxicity....Pages 651-660
Biological Methods to Remove Selected Inorganic Pollutants from Uranium Mine Wastewater....Pages 661-667
Biochemical Beneficiation of Mining Industry Effluents....Pages 669-688
Control of Environmental Pollution by Mining Wastes (Metalliferous Muds, Red Sea)....Pages 689-692
Desulfurization of Coal by Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ....Pages 693-703
Mine Waste Pollution Control at Captains Flat, New South Wales....Pages 705-712
Mine Dump Vegetation: Practice and Problems....Pages 713-718
Back Matter....Pages 719-726