Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion

Front Matter....Pages i-xxix
Wood and Biomass Ultrastructure....Pages 1-33
Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Extractives....Pages 35-60
Lignin....Pages 61-76
Pretreatment of Biomass for Thermochemical Biomass Conversion....Pages 77-87
A Kinetic Isotope Effect in the Thermal Dehydration of Cellobiose....Pages 89-94
Gasification and Liquefaction of Forest Products in Supercritical Water....Pages 95-119
Thermochemical Fractionation and Liquefaction of Wood....Pages 121-141
The Pyrolysis and Gasification of Wood in Molten Hydroxide Eutectics....Pages 143-155
Influence of Alkali Carbonates on Biomass Volatilization....Pages 157-166
Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass with Reactive and Non-reactive Gases....Pages 167-182
Pyrolytic Reactions and Products of Biomass....Pages 183-217
Product Formation in the Pyrolysis of Large Wood Particles....Pages 219-236
The Pyrolysis under Vacuum of Aspen Poplar....Pages 237-256
Simulation of Kraft Lignin Pyrolysis....Pages 257-273
Kinetics of Wood Gasification by Carbon Dioxide and Steam....Pages 275-292
Studies of the Rapid Pyrolysis of Sweet Gum Hardwood....Pages 293-314
Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Peat at High Heating Rates....Pages 315-327
Flash Pyrolysis of Lignin....Pages 329-343
Devolatilization of Maple Hardwood....Pages 345-360
The Direct, Mass-Spectrometric Study of the Primary and Secondary Pyrolysis Behavior of Biomass and its Constituents....Pages 361-383
Kinetics of Gas Formation from Cellulose and Wood Pyrolysis....Pages 385-395
Fast Pyrolysis (Ultrapyrolysis) of Biomass Using Solid Heat Carriers....Pages 397-410
Calorific Value of Wood as Affected by Sample Particle Size and Radial Position in Stem....Pages 411-427
The Effects of Atmosphere on Pyrolysis of Solid Fuels Produced in Finland....Pages 429-435
Thermoanalytical Studies of Carbohydrate Pyrolysis....Pages 437-452
Thermal Degradation of Rice Straw and its Components....Pages 453-471
Research on the Gasification of Biomass at the University of Aston in Birmingham....Pages 473-484
Char Properties and Gasification....Pages 485-509
A Review of the Vapor Phase Pyrolysis of Biomass Derived Volatile Matter....Pages 511-537
Ablative Pyrolysis of Biomass in Solid-Convective Heat Transfer Environments....Pages 539-555
The Gasification of Ponderosa Pine Charcoal....Pages 557-566
Gasification of Chars Obtained from Maple and Jack Pine Woods....Pages 567-587
Gasification of Charcoal: Influence of Water Vapor....Pages 589-599
Catalytic Conversion of Tars, Carbon Black and Methane from Pyrolysis/Gasification of Biomass....Pages 601-618
Modelling of Biomass Gasification....Pages 619-689
Wood Pyrolysis and Carbon Dioxide Char Gasification Kinetics in a Fluidized Bed....Pages 691-715
Modelling of Fluidized Bed Wood Gasifiers....Pages 717-732
Thermal Cracking of Tars and Hydrocarbons by Addition of Steam and Oxygen in the Cracking Zone....Pages 733-746
A Pressurized Thermo Balance for Pyrolysis and Gasification Studies of Biomass, Wood and Peat....Pages 747-759
Effect of Size, Shape, Density, Moisture and Furnace Wall Temperature on Burning Times of Wood Pieces....Pages 761-775
Single Particle Combustion Analysis of Wood....Pages 777-792
Plane Flame Furnace Combustion Studies of Pulverized Wood....Pages 793-810
Analysis of Condensate and Gases Formed in Combustion of Model Wood Volatile Compounds....Pages 811-826
Dissolution of Peat and Wood in Tetralin Compared with Coal....Pages 827-838
Fluidodynamic Effects in the Fractional Solubilization of Biomass Leading to Liquefaction....Pages 839-848
The Determination of the Most Important Flame Characteristics of Pellet Burners....Pages 849-862
Catalysis of Gas-Phase Reactions in Steam Gasification of Biomass....Pages 863-874
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel Potential of Agricultural Materials....Pages 875-895
Steam Gasification of Aplha Cellulose in a Fluid Bed Reactor....Pages 897-910
Wood Chip Gasification in a Commercial Downdraft Gasifier....Pages 911-921
Methane Yield from Biomass Gasification at High Temperature and Pressure....Pages 923-936
Low Temperature Gasification of Biomass Under Pressure....Pages 937-950
Biomass Gasification Reaction Velocities....Pages 951-965
Biomass Liquefaction: An Overview....Pages 967-1002
Analysis and Comparison of Products from Wood Liquefaction....Pages 1003-1018
Characterization of Peat and Biomass Liquids....Pages 1019-1026
The Products of Direct Liquefaction of Biomass....Pages 1027-1037
Formation of Aromatic Compounds from Condensation Reactions of Cellulose Degradation Products—II....Pages 1039-1050
Liquefaction of Aspen Poplar to Produce an Oil and Chemicals....Pages 1051-1071
Thermal Degradation of Cellulose in Alkali....Pages 1073-1086
The Electrochemical Conversion of Biomass-Derived Compounds....Pages 1087-1102
Electrochemistry of Lignin Materials and Derived Compounds....Pages 1103-1113
The Electrolysis of Lignosite at a Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Electrode....Pages 1115-1125
Specification of Standard Biomass Materials for Thermochemical Research....Pages 1127-1135
Definition of Biomass Samples Involving Wood, Bark and Foliage....Pages 1137-1144
Back Matter....Pages 1145-1159