ISO 14000 Environmental Management Standards: Engineering and Financial Aspects

Contents......Page 7
Dedication......Page 11
Preface......Page 13
1 Introduction......Page 17
1.1 General approach to developing an environmental management system......Page 21
1.2 Summary of requirements of ISO 14001......Page 22
1.3 Other ISO 14000 standards......Page 24
1.4 Engineering aspects of ISO 14001 requirements......Page 25
1.5 What is essential and what is not when implementing ISO 14001?......Page 27
References......Page 28
2 Design and Implementation of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems......Page 29
2.1 Design of an environmental management system......Page 30
2.2 Environmental management system implementation......Page 33
2.3 Environmental management system costing......Page 49
2.4 Environmental management system audits......Page 52
2.5 ISO 14001 registration......Page 54
Reference......Page 55
3 Measurement Systems in Environmental Management......Page 57
3.1 Choosing suitable measuring instruments......Page 58
3.2 Calibration of measuring instruments......Page 69
3.3 Documentation of measurement and calibration systems......Page 77
References......Page 79
4 Measurement System Errors......Page 81
4.1 Random errors......Page 82
4.2 Systematic errors......Page 94
4.3 Error reduction using intelligent instruments......Page 102
4.4 Total measurement system errors......Page 104
References......Page 106
5.1 Variable conversion elements......Page 107
5.2 Signal processing......Page 111
5.3 Signal transmission......Page 122
5.4 Signal recording......Page 128
6.1 Air pollution sources and effects......Page 133
6.2 Measurement of air quality: particulate matter content......Page 136
6.3 Measurement of air quality: concentration of polluting gaseous products......Page 138
References......Page 149
7.1 Sources and forms of water pollution......Page 151
7.2 Consequences of water pollution......Page 152
7.3 Water sampling in rivers......Page 154
7.4 Testing of river water for pollution......Page 155
References......Page 163
8.1 Air pollution control......Page 165
8.2 Water pollution control......Page 172
References......Page 173
9.1 Noise......Page 175
9.2 Vibration......Page 179
9.3 Shock......Page 186
10.1 Waste reduction......Page 189
10.2 Waste disposal......Page 193
References......Page 197
11 System Reliability and Risk Assessment for Environmental Protection......Page 199
11.2 Identifying hazards......Page 200
11.3 Risk assessment......Page 202
11.4 Risk analysis......Page 204
11.6 Reliability analysis......Page 206
11.7 References and further reading......Page 217
12 Statistical Process Control......Page 219
12.1 Conditions for application of statistical process control......Page 220
12.2 Principles of statistical process control......Page 221
12.3 XBAR chart (or MEAN chart)......Page 222
12.4 CUSUM chart (cumulative sum chart)......Page 228
12.5 RANGE chart (R chart)......Page 230
References......Page 234
13 Monitoring Process Parameter Values to Minimise Pollution Risk......Page 235
13.1 Temperature measurement......Page 236
13.2 Pressure measurement......Page 251
13.3 Flow measurement......Page 260
13.4 Level measurement......Page 273
References......Page 281
Appendix 1 Summary of ISO 14000 Series Standards......Page 283
Appendix 2 Typical Structure of an Environmental Management System Manual......Page 287
Index......Page 299