Safety of Thermal Water Reactors: Proceedings of a Seminar on the Results of the European Communities’ Indirect Action Research Programme on Safety of Thermal Water Reactors, Held in Brussels, 1–3 October 1984

Front Matter....Pages i-xi
Introduction....Pages 1-1
Abbreviations:....Pages 3-4
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Welcome Address....Pages 7-7
The CEC Research Action Programme on the Development of Nuclear Fission Energy....Pages 9-18
The CEC Indirect Action Research Programme, Safety of Thermal Water Reactors (1919–1983)....Pages 19-20
Front Matter....Pages 21-21
Important thermohydraulic aspects during refilling and reflooding of an uncovered LWR core....Pages 23-36
Studies on the Effects of Blockage Upon LWR Emergency Core Cooling Systems....Pages 37-47
Droplet Dynamics and Heat Transfer in Dispersed Two Phase Flow....Pages 51-64
An Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Clad Ballooning on the Effectiveness of PWR Emergency Core Cooling....Pages 65-78
Out of Pile Ballooning and Bursting Tests on Zircaloy Cladding Rods with Direct and Indirect Heating....Pages 79-96
General discussion concerning on Sessions A1 and A2....Pages 97-99
2D Effects in the Core During the Reflooding Phase of a Loca....Pages 103-113
Fluid Dynamic Effects in the Fuelelement Top Nozzle Area During Refilling and Reflooding....Pages 115-124
Study of Rewetting and Quench Phenomena by Single Pin Out-of- Pile Experiments, with Special Emphasis on the Effect of Pin Composition....Pages 125-134
Heat Transfer to a Dispersed Two-Phase Flow and Detailed Quench Front Velocity Research....Pages 135-149
Rewetting Propagation Over Zircaloy Under Bottom Flooding Conditions....Pages 153-163
The Role of Experiments in the Development and Qualification of Thermalhydraulic Codes, as Experienced in the Development of the Cathare Code....Pages 165-176
Front Matter....Pages 201-201
Large-Scale Field Trials on Dense Vapour Dispersion....Pages 179-189
Aspects of the Dispersion of Denser-Than-Air Vapours Relevant to Gas Cloud-Explosions....Pages 191-200
Verification of Heavy Gas Models on the Basis of Large Scale Experiments....Pages 203-212
Front Matter....Pages 201-201
Computer Processing of Visual Records from the Thorney Island Large Scale Gas Trials....Pages 213-221
Transition from Slow Deflagration to Detonation....Pages 223-240
On the Propagation of the Pressure Pulse Due to an Unconfined Gas Cloud Explosion. A Theoretical Analysis....Pages 241-251
Gas Cloud Explosions and their Effect on Nuclear Power Plant Basic Development of Explosion Codes....Pages 255-268
Validation of Blast Simulation Codes and Experimental Investigation of Flame Propagation in the Presence of Obstacles....Pages 269-280
Characterization of the Pressure Field Induced by the Explosions in Air of a Hydrocarbon-Air Mixture, with Slow Deflagration or Fast Deflagration....Pages 281-291
Experimental Investigation of the Acceleration of Deflagration in Wake Flow....Pages 293-304
Calculation of Overpressures on the Buildings of Power Plant Due to the Passage of a Shock Wave Caused by an Accidental Explosion....Pages 307-317
Blast Wave Propagation and the Influence of Obstacles....Pages 319-328
Calculation of the Wall Pressure Field Generated on a Group of Bluidings by an External Explosion....Pages 329-340
Recent Results of Experimental Studies on the Transition of a Deflagration into a Detonation and Some Aspects for the Transposition of these Results to Confined Explosions....Pages 341-350
Front Matter....Pages 351-351
Review of Specific Effects in Atmospheric Dispersion Calculations....Pages 353-367
The Effects of Buildings on Low-Level Atmospheric Discharges....Pages 369-382
Predicting Lift-Off of Major Self-Heating Releases under the Influence of a Building....Pages 385-397
Development of an Integral Model of a Radioactive Jet Released Accidentally from a Nuclear Reactor....Pages 399-404
Development of a Protoype Mesoscale Computer Model Incorporating Treatment of Topography....Pages 405-414
Finite Element Three-Dimensional Formulation of a Variational Procedure of Wind Field Adjustment Over a Domain of Complex Topography....Pages 415-426
Description of a Recent Nordic Mesoscale Dispersion Experiment Over a Land-Water-Land Area (The Øresund Experiment)....Pages 427-438
Wind Tunnel Modeling of Turbulent Diffusion of Pollutant Puffs....Pages 441-450
Physical Model of the Dispersion of a Radioactive Contaminant in the Atmosphere above a Heat Island....Pages 451-456
Front Matter....Pages 351-351
Wind Tunnel Simulation of Atmospheric Dispersion in Stable Conditions at a Real Site....Pages 457-468
Assessment of the Dispersion of Fission Products in the Atmosphere following a Reactor Accident under Meteorological Conditions of Low Wind Speed....Pages 469-479
Local Scale Atmospheric Diffusion at a Coastal Site in the Presence of Breeze Effect....Pages 483-495
Sensitivity, Applicability and Validation of Bi-Gaussian Off- and On-Line Models for the Evaluation of the Consequences of Accidental Releases in Nuclear Facilities....Pages 497-505
Interlaboratory Comparison of SF 6 Determination used within the Framework of Tracer Releases....Pages 507-512
Estimates of Uncertainty in Dispersion Modelling....Pages 513-526
Overview and Conclusions on the Results Obtained in Research Area A: The Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) and the Functioning and Performance of the Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS)....Pages 529-538
Overview and Conclusions on the Results Obtained in Research Area B: The Protection of Nuclear Power Plants Against External Gas Cloud Explosions....Pages 539-545
Overview and Conclusions on the Results Obtained in Research Area C: The Release and Distribution of Radioactive Fission Products in the Atmosphere following a Reactor Accident....Pages 547-558
The CEC Research Action Programme on Reactor Safety (1984–1987)....Pages 559-569
Developments in Reactor Safety Research....Pages 571-581
Concluding Panel....Pages 583-605
Closing Address....Pages 607-607
Back Matter....Pages 609-613